Disfunção temporomandibular e relações de sofrimento psíquico em controladores de tráfego aéreo
Resumo
Introdução: Os controladores de tráfego aéreo estão sujeitos a elevadas demandas cognitivas e operacionais, expondo-os ao estresse, à ansiedade e à depressão. A disfunção temporomandibular é a principal desordem de etiologia não odontogênica para dores faciais crônicas que acometem músculos e articulações, e tem sido relacionada ao sofrimento psicológico. Portanto, o ATC pode ser suscetível à DTM. Objetivo: Este estudo verificou a prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e sua relação com sofrimento psíquico em ATC. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo ATC brasileiros de ambos os sexos (n: 121; 27,9 ± 4,2 anos). Os participantes foram solicitados a preencher questionários sobre sinais e sintomas de DTM: FAI; e sobre sofrimento psíquico: PSS-10; GAD-7; e PHQ-9. Foram adotadas análises estatísticas inferenciais para comparação entre fatores e correlação entre variáveis dependentes com significância de 5,0%. Resultados: A DTM foi altamente prevalente entre os ATC. Mais de metade dos ATC têm pelo menos uma condição psicológica perturbadora; incluem ansiedade (n: 13; 13,7%), estresse (n: 58; 47,9%), depressão (n: 24; 19,8%) e comorbidades (n: 22; 18,2%) entre essas condições de sofrimento psicológico. Os escores de sofrimento psicológico (ansiedade, estresse e depressão) foram maiores em ATC com DTM (p<0,01; todas as comparações) ou necessidade de tratamento para DTM (p<0,01; p= 0,02; p<0,01, respectivamente) do que em ATC sem DTM, alguns deles alcançando efeitos clinicamente significativos. Conclusão: A DTM é bastante prevalente entre os ATC militares brasileiros, e os ATC que apresentam sinais e sintomas de DTM apresentam maior sofrimento psicológico.
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