Marcadores indiretos de dano muscular em sessão de treinamento físico militar com exercícios neuromusculares e aeróbios em circuito (Cross operacional): efeitos agudos e recuperação
Resumo
O Exército Brasileiro (EB) desenvolveu recentemente o treinamento físico militar “Cross Operacional” (CO), composto por quatro níveis de dificuldade. O caráter de intensidade moderada/alta do CO pode causar danos às fibras musculares, caracterizado por alterações a nível celular, podendo ser avaliado indiretamente pelos níveis séricos de proteínas de origem musculoesquelética. Assim, a análise de biomarcadores de dano muscular é utilizada como parte de uma ferramenta inicial de prevenção de lesões e de avaliação da progressão do treinamento e recuperação. Este estudo teve como objetivo observar o efeito agudo do CO sobre marcadores indiretos de dano muscular em militares do EB. Participaram do estudo 24 soldados do sexo masculino com idades entre 18 e 26 anos. As quatro sessões correspondentes aos níveis de CO foram realizadas em crossover, com washout de sete dias. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas em repouso, imediatamente após, 24 e 48 horas após cada sessão de treinamento. Os biomarcadores foram creatinoquinase (CK), mioglobina (Mb) e lactato desidrogenase (LDH). Em todos os níveis do CO, a CK aumentou significativamente 24 horas após o CO, enquanto Mb e LDH aumentaram imediatamente após o CO. Em relação ao tempo de recuperação, a LDH retornou aos valores basais 48 horas após todos os níveis do CO, enquanto CK e Mb reduziu, mas não retornou aos valores basais no nível 4. As elevações séricas dos biomarcadores estudados, assim como em estudos com outros métodos de treinamento consolidados, sugerem que o CO pode contribuir para a melhoria do treinamento físico de militares.
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