An appraisal of the Nigerian defense policy and national security

Abstract

Defence policies encompass various state activities aimed at ensuring national security (NS), integrating international security and military decisions to protect sovereignty and interests. These policies guide when and how to engage national armed forces, with evolving strategies reflecting each nation’s development and global context. Sun Tzu's view in The Art of War underscores the crucial role of defence, stressing its necessity for a state’s survival. Major shifts in American defence strategy post-September 11 involved proactive measures against terrorism, aiming to prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction. Similarly, China’s National Defense Policy (NDP) highlights its adaptability to international political shifts. Defence policies thus structure a nation’s NS approach, steering its armed forces to uphold sovereignty, economic goals, and global responsibilities. This study explores the link between defence policies and NS, assessing their challenges and impacts, particularly in the context of Nigeria.