Manobra Anti-G
uma revisão narrativa
Resumo
Introdução: Aeronaves mais valiosas, sofisticadas e potentes são incorporadas às forças armadas. Os avanços tecnológicos são notáveis por aumentar a carga fisiológica durante o voo, tornando os recursos humanos um fator limitante nessas operações. É necessário entender as demandas fisiológicas às quais os pilotos de aeronaves estão expostos, especialmente os pilotos de combate. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar: i. consequências fisiológicas no corpo humano devido às altas forças de aceleração durante voos de alto desempenho; ii. eficiência da contramedida AGSM para tais consequências; e iii. estado da arte sobre os usos da eletromiografia de superfície em AGSM. Método: Busca bibliográfica na base de dados PubMed usando as palavras-chave “anti-G straining maneuver” e “electromyography” e seus sinônimos foi conduzida, seguida de uma revisão narrativa dos resultados, que permitiu uma discussão abrangente sobre o tema, possibilitando uma contextualização aprofundada em um campo de estudo próspero. Essas características são adequadas para detectar lacunas na literatura e direcionar a discussão da pesquisa. Discussão: Há um consenso na literatura de que o AGSM é o recurso mais eficaz para prevenir a perda de consciência induzida por carga G. A sEMG é uma ferramenta acessível e útil para o treinamento de AGSM, especialmente quando indisponível centrífugas humanas. Conclusão: A literatura atual sobre a aplicação do sEMG no contexto do treinamento do AGSM é limitada, apresentando uma diversidade de objetivos, metodologia e parâmetros analisados. Contudo, seu uso como biofeedback em tempo real pode melhorar as habilidades de controle muscular do piloto durante o AGSM.
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