Risco de Transtorno Alimentar e Comportamento Alimentar Intuitivo de Estudantes Militares Brasileiros
Resumo
Este estudo analisou as atitudes relacionadas à alimentação e a prevalência de risco de desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares (TA) entre estudantes militares. Um objetivo secundário foi comparar a prevalência dos dados demográficos e estabelecer o efeito da alimentação intuitiva e da prática de exercícios no risco de TA. Uma amostra de 256 estudantes militares do sexo masculino da Escola de Educação Física do Exército respondeu aos questionários Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) e Intuitive Eating Scale 2 (IES-2), além de questões sobre idade, estado civil, arma militar no Exército Brasileiro, massa corporal e estatura autorreferidas e nível de atividade física (Índice Kasari Fit). Aplicou-se Kruskal-Wallis para avaliar os escores fatoriais totais do EAT-26 e IES-2 entre intensidades de atividade física autorreferidas. Uma análise de regressão linear múltipla (método forward) foi realizada para investigar o impacto dos fatores alimentares intuitivos nos transtornos alimentares. Os resultados mostraram que 4,9% dos estudantes militares corriam o risco de desenvolver TA. Foi encontrada diferença significativa na frequência de prática de exercício físico para o escore total do EAT (U=4375,5, p=0,04, r=0,14) e na UPE (U=3988,5, p=0,005, r=0,19). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nas pontuações do EAT-26 de acordo com os dados demográficos. Fatores da alimentação intuitiva (UPE, BFCC e EPR) mostraram influência significativa nas atitudes de TA (F(3, 228)=39,78, p< 0,001; R2ajustado=0,27). Em conclusão, estes resultados apontaram para uma elevada prevalência de risco de TA em estudantes militares, e que a alimentação intuitiva teve um impacto protetor; contudo, a prática de exercício físico não parece influenciar.
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