Dimensão Humana, Resiliência Social e Neurociência Aplicadas ao Contexto Militar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70545/ran.v9i13.13026Palavras-chave:
Dimensão Humana, Resiliência Social, NeurociênciaResumo
Este artigo propõe reflexões sobre o conceito de dimensão humana e resiliência social que tem sido destacado no âmbito das Forças Armadas internacionais, sobretudo nos últimos vinte anos. Debruçando-nos sobre a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental foi possível identificar que tanto a dimensão humana quanto a resiliência social expressam um conjunto articulado de habilidades socioemocionais e comportamentais conjugadas pelo aspecto individual e grupal. Considerando como análise conclusiva a evidente lacuna sobre o estudo desses conceitos no Brasil, intentamos propor reflexões iniciais atreladas as produções teóricas internacionais no campo da neurociência, identificando pontos de convergência aplicáveis às demandas postas para combate do século XXI.
Downloads
Referências
BAŞAR, E. et al. Mindful brain and EEG-neurophysiology. International Journal of Psychophysiology, v. 103, p. 1–2, maio 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.03.006
BERRIDGE, K. C.; ROBINSON, T., E. What is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience? Brain Res Brain Res Rev p. 309–369, [s.d.]. 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0173(98)00019-8
BIRRER, D.; RÖTHLIN, P.; MORGAN, G. Mindfulness to Enhance Athletic Performance: Theoretical Considerations and Possible Impact Mechanisms. Mindfulness, v. 3, n. 3, p. 235–246, set. 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0109-2
BOKSEM, M. A. S.; TOPS, M. Mental fatigue: Costs and benefits. Brain Research Reviews, v. 59, n. 1, p. 125–139, nov. 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.07.001
BRASIL, E. EB70-MC-10.375_Manual de TFM. 5a ed. Brasília-DF: [s.n.]. 2021.
BRASIL, E. Manual de Fundamentos-Doutrina MIlitar Terrestre (EB20-MF-10.102). 2a Ed. Brasília-DF: 2019.
BRODMANN, K.; GARY, L. J. Brodmann’s localisation in the cerebral cortex: the principles of comparative localisation in the cerebral cortex based on cytoarchitectonics. New York, NY: Springer, 2006.
CACIOPPO, John Terrence et al. Building social resilience in soldiers: A double dissociative randomized controlled study. J Pers Soc Psychol, V 109, n 1, p. 90-105. Jul 2015. Disponível em: https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fpspi0000022. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000022
CACIOPPO, John Terrence et al. Social resilience: The value of social fitness with an application to the military. American Psychologist, V 66 n1, 43–51. Jan 2011. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021419. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021419
CAO, S. et al. Mindfulness-Based Interventions for the Recovery of Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 19, n. 13, p. 7825, 26 jun. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137825
CASTRO, C. O espírito militar. Um estudo de antropologia social na Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras. Rio de janeiro-RJ: Jorge Zahar, 2021.
CELLARD, A. A análise documental. In J. Poupart. A pesquisa qualitativa: enfoques epistemológicos e metodológicos. Rio de janeiro-RJ: Vozes, 2014.
CHERNI, M.; SLIMENI, F. Soft Skills in Favor of Advanced Military Education. International Perspectives on Military Education, v. 2024, 10 dez. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69977/IPME/2024.004
CLAUSEWITZ, Carl Von. Sobre a guerra. São Paulo:Martins Fontes Editora, 2010.
COTIAN, Michela de Souza et al. Revisão sistemática dos aspectos psicossociais, neurobiológicos, preditores e promotores de resiliência em militares. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, v. 63, n. 1, p. 72–85, jan. 2014. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000009 . Acesso em: 10 set. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000009
COUTINHO, D. et al. Exploring the effects of mental and muscular fatigue in soccer players’ performance. Human Movement Science, v. 58, p. 287–296, 1 abr. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2018.03.004
DALLAWAY, N. et al. Prior brain endurance training improves endurance exercise performance. European Journal of Sport Science, v. 23, n. 7, p. 1269–1278, jul. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2022.2153231
DÍAZ-GARCÍA, J. et al. Brain endurance training improves shot speed and accuracy in grassroots padel players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, v. 26, n. 7, p. 386–393, jul. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2023.06.002
DOIDGE, N. The Brain That Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science. United States-USA: Penguin Books, 2007.
FORTES, L. et al. Effect of mental fatigue on decision-making skill and visual search behavior in basketball players: an experimental and randomized study. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18 mar. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2022.2058055
GADE, Paul Allen (et al). The U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social sciences. In MANGELSDORFF, David. Psychology in the service of national security. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/11470-013
GROSS, J. J. Emotion regulation: affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology, v. 39, n. 3, p. 281–291, maio 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0048577201393198
HUNTINGTON, S. O soldado e o Estado. Teoria e política das relações entre civis e militares. Rio de janeiro-RJ: Bibliex, 2016.
JANOWITZ, M. JANOWITZ, Morris. O soldado profissional. Um estudo social e político. Rio de janeiro-RJ: Edições GRD, 1967.
KANDEL ER, SCHWARTZ J, JESSELL TM, SIEGELBAUM SA, HUDSPETH AJ, DALMAZ C, ET AL. Princípios de Neurociências. 5a edição ed. Porto Alegre-RS: [s.n.]. 2014.
LEDOUX, J. E. The emotional brain: The mysterious underpinnings of emotional life. New York, NY, US: Simon & Schuster, 1996. p. 384
LIND, William S. Understanding fourth generation war. Military Review, p.12-16 Sept-Out, 2004. Disponível em https://www.da-ic.org/5gen/2016/07/26/william-s-lind-understanding-fourth-generation-war. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024.
MARCONI, M. DE A.; LAKATOS, E. M. Fundamentos de metodologia científica. 8a Ed ed. São Paulo-SP: Atlas, 2017.
MILLER, E. K.; FREEDMAN, D. J.; WALLIS, J. D. The prefrontal cortex: categories, concepts and cognition. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, v. 357, n. 1424, p. 1123–1136, 29 ago. 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1099
NELSKAMP, A. et al. Comparison of “Mental training” and physical practice in the mediation of a structured facial examination: a quasi randomized, blinded and controlled study. BMC medical education, v. 21, n. 1, p. 178, 23 mar. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02603-0
PARK, I.; JEON, J. Psychological Skills Training for Athletes in Sports: Web of Science Bibliometric Analysis. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), v. 11, n. 2, p. 259, 13 jan. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020259
PASCUAL-LEONE. A. et al. The plastic human brain cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience. p. 377–401, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144216
ROCK, D. Your Brain at Work: Strategies for Overcoming Distraction, Regaining Focus, and Working Smarter All Day Long. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2009.
SEVERINO, A. J. Metodologia do trabalho científico. 23 ed ed. São Paulo-SP: Cortez, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36311/2007.978-85-249-1311-2
SILVA, F. F.; SOUZA, A. Instrumento Psicológico de Avaliação da Liderança: estudo exploratório com cadetes da Academia Militar. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.70545/ran.v8i11.12098
SKINNER, B. F. The Behavior of Organisms: An Experimental Analysis. v. Century Psychology Series, 1938.
STAIANO, W. et al. Brain Endurance Training Improves Physical, Cognitive, and Multitasking Performance in Professional Football Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, v. 17, n. 12, p. 1732–1740, 1 dez. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2022-0144
STAIANO, W. et al. Impact of 4-week Brain Endurance Training (BET) on Cognitive and Physical Performance in Professional Football Players: 3504 Board #192 June 1 8:00 AM - 9:30 AM. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, v. 51, n. 6S, p. 964–964, jun. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000563395.36093.aa
STEADMAN, A. C. Applying neuroscience to enhance tatical leader cognitive performance in combat. Dissertação—United States-USA: US Army Command and General Staff College, 2011. Disponível em https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA556552.pdf. Acesso em: 20 ago 2024.
UMANN, Juliane e LAUTERT, Liana. Resiliência, estresse, presenteísmo e capacidade para o trabalho em militares do exército. Revista de Enfermagem UFPE Online. v. 10 n. 12, p. 4701-4704, dez 2016. Disponível em https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/index.php/revistaenfermagem/article/view/11542/13452. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024.
US. ARMY. The U.S. Army human dimension concept. Department of the Army, Headquarters, Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Monroe, VA, 2014. Disponível em: https://www.templateroller.com/download/2188242/tradoc-pamphlet-525-3-7-the-u-s-army-human-dimension-concept.html?type=pdf&vers=main. Acesso em: 10 set .2024.
US. ARMY. The U.S. Army study of the human dimension in the future 2015 – 2024. Department of the Army, Headquarters, Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Monroe, VA, 2008. Disponível em: https://pt.scribd.com/document/178881816/US-Army-Study-of-the-Human-Dimension-in-the-Future. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024.
US. DOD. Dictionary of military and associated terms. [s.l.] Departament of Defense, 2021.
US, J. S. Joint Strategic Planning System. 2024. Disponível em: https://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Library/Instructions/CJCSI%203100.01F.pdf.
VISACRO, Alessandro. O Desafio da Transformação. Military Review, Ed. Brasileira, p. 46-55, Mar –Abr, 2011. Disponível em https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/military-review/Archives/Portuguese/MilitaryReview_20110430_art010POR.pdf. Acesso em: 10 set. 2024.
WEINBERG S, R. Fundamentos da psicologia do esporte e do exercício. Porto Alegre-RS: Artmed, 2017.

