Survey of Agricultural and Forestry Production Waste from Municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro for Biochar Production

Abstract

Regarding the dissemination of the benefits of biochar, produced by pyrolysis methods, technical-scientific research proves the improvement of soil conditions after its application. Among them, the following stand out: greater moisture retention, better aeration of the surface layers and return of microbial fauna. In addition to the adequate disposal of organic waste, the use of biochar, as a soil conditioner, avoids: contamination by leachate, allows carbon sequestration, and contributes to reducing rural producers' expenses with the purchase of chemical fertilizers. In accordance with the objectives of the IVIG-FAPERJ R&D project, this research systematized data on agricultural and forestry production from the 92 (ninety-two) municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro. It also presents the 20 (twenty) municipalities and the 02 (two) geographic regions that lead the production of organic waste, showing, for teaching purposes and future reviews, the sequential stages of IBGE data collection. The result obtained showed that in the Lagos Region, Silva Jardim, in 2021, was the municipality that presented the greatest diversity in agricultural production. Araruama, although it accumulated a higher amount, totaling 49,245 tons, 90% was derived from the cultivation of sugar cane. Coconut plantations were highlighted in the municipalities of: São Pedro da Aldeia, Silva Jardim, Saquarema and, to a lesser extent, in Cabo Frio. In total, the waste of this fruit accumulated in Arrangements Lago I and Lago II, in 2021, reached the amount of 2,992.0 tons. In São Pedro da Aldeia, however, a large part of the coconuts come from other states and are processed by the company Vero-
côco. In terms of forestry activities, only 04 (four) municipalities are listed as producers of firewood in logs by IBGE (2021), they are: Araruama (9,146.0 t), Silva Jardim (3,613.0 t), Cabo Frio (1,404.0 t) and São Pedro da Aldeia (1,111.5 t).